It is a disease characterized by the presence of high blood glucose levels. The resistance of the cells to insulin and/or the lack of it, makes that the glucose circulating in the blood cannot enter and be used by the cells of the body. Type 2 diabetes accounts for 90% of diabetes.
Its frequency increases with age and is associated with factors such as obesity, high blood pressure, increased cholesterol, a sedentary lifestyle and a family history of diabetes.
In the initial phase, there are no symptoms until the lack of glucose in the cells and its accumulation in the blood produces hunger and thirst, with increased fluid intake and consequently an increase in urine. Other associated symptoms: fatigue, weight loss, nausea and vomiting, irritability and blurred vision.
The diagnosis is usually an analytical finding until the first symptoms appear. It is confirmed by the determination of blood glucose greater than 200 mg/dl, or greater than 126 mg/dl fasting.
Treatment is based on lifestyle interventions such as weight loss, dietary control and regular exercise. If high blood glucose levels persist, treatment with oral antidiabetics ± insulin will be initiated.
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